The mornings are dark and still now. The moon is my guide when I am walking my dogs. The air is cold and crisp; I keep my hands in my pockets. It is that time of year.

Pumpkin Spice time. It is also autumn.

I just came back from the grocery store, and I realized that this may have gone too far after I spotted Pumpkin spice Cheerios.

Many credit the beginning of this craze to Starbucks’s introduction of the Pumpkin Spice Latte (called PSL by aficionados) in 2003. But it has gone way past a simple latte.

The origin of Pumpkin spice is uncertain. It may have been introduced to the West by the Dutch, in a spice blend called “speculaaskruiden” (mixed spice) that was popular in the 1600s. The Europeans were the first to make pumpkin into a pie using cinnamon, nutmeg, cloves, and pepper, which became the basic ingredients for pumpkin spice. Many recipes also add allspice and ginger. (Despite its origins, the pumpkin spice craze is centered in North America.) 

Food scientists speculate that the reason pumpkin spice is so popular is that the scent evokes nostalgia for the foods of Thanksgiving. Thanksgiving is associated with warmth, ample food, and family and friends gathering together. 

The marketing genius behind pumpkin spice is keeping it seasonal. Pumpkin spice flavored products are typically only available for a short period of time.

Whatever it is, it has really caught on. I did an Internet search of pumpkin-spiced products and it was frankly eye opening. Are you ready? Amazon has a whole section of pumpkin spiced flavored or scented products. Here is an updated list of products that have pumpkin spiced scents or flavors:

• Alcohol: Ale, Beer, Liqueur, Wine
• Artificial sweeteners
• Baked desserts: Biscotti, Brownies, Cakes, Cupcakes, Dessert bars, Moon pies, Oreos (yes, Oreos!), Pies, Protein bars, Pumpkin cookies, Pumpkin rolls, Pumpkin bars, Twinkies, Waffle cookies
• Baking products: Marshmallows, Pumpkin spice, Peanut butter powder, Sauce (to drizzle on desserts), Syrups
• Bath and body products: Beard Oil, Body scrub, Deodorant, Soap, Skin cream, Toothpaste 
• Breads: Bagels, Pumpkin bread, Rolls
• Breakfast foods: Doughnuts, English muffins, Granola, Granola bars, Instant hot cereals, Muffins, Pancakes, Pop-tarts, Syrup, Waffles
• Caffeine drinks: Coffee, Coffee creamers, Lattes, Teas
• Candies: Candy corn, Caramels, Chewing gum, Chocolates, Jellybeans, Meringues, Peeps
• Cheese
• Cough Drops
• Crackers, Potato chips, Popcorn
• Drinks: Protein Drinks, Pumpkin Spice protein powder (energy drink), Juice
• Ethnic Foods: Empanadas, Tamales
• Flowers: Mums that smell like pumpkins
• Makeup: Chapstick, Face mask, Face cream, Lipstick
• Meals: Broth, Burger, Chicken Sandwich, Macaroni and Cheese, Salmon, Sausage, Spam
• Milk-based desserts: Cheesecake, DQ Pumpkin Blizzard, Flavored milk, Hot cocoa, Ice cream, Milkshakes, Pudding, Yogurt 
• Nuts: Almonds, Peanuts, Pecans, Walnuts
• Pet Products: Dog biscuits, Dog shampoo, Kitty litter, Pumpkin (good for canine digestion) 
• Scented home products: Air fresheners, Candles, Christmas ornaments, Diffusers, Sachets, Spray cleaner, Throw pillows, Trash bags
• Spreads: Caviar, Cream cheese, Hummus, Pumpkin butter, Pumpkin-flavored butter
• And, of course, Cheerios

Pumpkins are good for the immune system. They are high in soluble fiber which slows down how quickly the body absorbs glucose. Pumpkins are rich in beta carotene (which converts to Vitamin A), Vitamin C, and Antioxidants. My acupuncturist recommends pumpkin during the cold and flu season.

Pumpkin is good for dogs with digestive issues, it provides much-needed fiber.

And since we are talking about pumpkins, there are over 150 varieties. I saw a program on local pumpkin growing contests, the world record pumpkin was over 1,469 pounds.

And, of course, there are the beautiful pumpkins that decorate homes, businesses, and yards. The small white pumpkins that we see are mostly Baby Boo pumpkins. The large white pumpkins are creatively called Casper pumpkins. The Blue Doll, Blue Jarrahdale, and Blue Hubbard varieties are those unusual slate blue/gray pumpkins. Then there are the myriads of other decorative pumpkins. No longer simply orange, they come in yellow, blue, white, black, green, pink/coral, gray, brown, striped and multicolored. They are also available in a myriad of shapes, sizes, and mottling. Many of these varieties can be eaten, but most prefer of us their exotic looks.

So don’t be too surprised when you go to the grocery store. While sipping on your pumpkin spiced latte, you may be adding more pumpkin spiced products to your shopping cart.

 

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Angela Rieck, a Caroline County native, received her PhD in Mathematical Psychology from the University of Maryland and worked as a scientist at Bell Labs, and other high-tech companies in New Jersey before retiring as a corporate executive. Angela and her dogs divide their time between St Michaels and Key West Florida. Her daughter lives and works in New York City.

I attended a lecture about native plants by Mikaela Boley, Principal Agent Associate—Home Horticulture & Master Gardener Coordinator for the University of Maryland—Talbot County. I learned that most of our gardens are populated with non-native plants because that is what our nurseries stock. The obvious question is why select native plants over the readily available non-native plants?

Turns out there are a lot of reasons. First, native plants are usually lower maintenance than non-native plants. Native plants have adapted to the local climate and soil conditions. 

Native plants do not require fertilizer. Once the soil has been prepared and amended as needed (e.g., PH level, compost), native plants need no more. They have adapted to our ecosystem’s soil and can survive off the soil’s available nutrients without the help of fertilizers. Not only do we save time and money, but we eliminate fertilizer which is detrimental to the environment.  

With native plants, pesticides are also unnecessary. Native plants have developed natural defenses against indigenous insects, diseases, and fungi. (Many are still vulnerable to the local fauna such as bunnies and deer.)

Because native plants have adapted to the local climate and weather conditions, they are more likely to survive droughts and other conditions where lawns and non-native gardens struggle. Native plants in dry areas develop deep root systems that allow them to store water for long periods during our frequent droughts.  

Native plants are rarely invasive. I have English ivy and other invasive plants planted by a previous owner, and they are impossible to get rid of.

Planting native plants in troublesome areas prevents nutrient run-off into our waterways. Thanks to their deep root systems, native plants help stabilize and anchor the soil.

Native plants play an important role providing food and shelter for indigenous insects and wildlife. According to Boley, many gardeners build gardens specifically designed for local pollinators. Since our native insects, birds, and other wildlife have co-evolved with our native plant species, our local species depend on them for food sources and habitat. For example, there are specialist butterflies and bees that utilize only one species (or genus) of plant to lay eggs or feed larvae. An example locally is the Monarch butterfly whose caterpillars can only consume milkweed. Some specialist bees pollinate only one species of plant, and without those plants, there are fewer native bees.

I am convinced. I have decided to incorporate native plants into my existing gardens. Now, where to start? First, remember that there is no need to build a garden from scratch. You can add native plants to an existing garden, which is what I am going to do.

Mikaela Boley recommends three steps to building a native garden or adding native plants to an existing garden.

The first step is to identify the purpose of the garden. Do you want an edible garden? A garden that supports local pollinators? A perennial garden that blooms throughout the seasons? A solution to problem areas, such as soggy soil or bare spots? Or do you simply want to reduce your lawn footprint? Let’s face it, lawns are a lot of work; a native garden is a solution to a number of challenges that lawns present.

After you have identified the purpose, the second step is to analyze the soil and area conditions—PH level, type of soil (loam, sandy or clay), amount of sun or shade, level of moisture (is it soggy? dry?), and soil nutrients. There are inexpensive soil tests available locally that identify the PH and the nutrient needs. You can also use the National Resources Conservation Service to find typical soil at your location.

The final step is to choose native plants based on the purpose and conditions that have been identified in the previous two steps. Native plants are defined as plants that existed locally in pre-colonial times. 

There are a number of sources available to identify the local native plants on the Eastern Shore. There is a list of 417 local plants at https://www.allianceforthebay.org/plants/. Another online site for native plants (which includes soil and area recommendations) is the USFWS (US Fish and Wildlife Service) Native Plants for Wildlife Habitat & Conservation Landscaping. 

All of these sources provide plants native to the Eastern Shore. For those interested in other geographical areas, a Google search will help you find the types of native plants in your area.

Finding the actual plants is usually not as simple as going to the local nursery. On the Eastern Shore—the Atkins Arboretum, Environmental Concern, and some commercial nurseries carry them. They can also be ordered online.

Fall is a good time for planting, but you can also spend the winter planning your new environmentally friendly garden. 

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Angela Rieck, a Caroline County native, received her PhD in Mathematical Psychology from the University of Maryland and worked as a scientist at Bell Labs, and other high-tech companies in New Jersey before retiring as a corporate executive. Angela and her dogs divide their time between St Michaels and Key West Florida. Her daughter lives and works in New York City.

Working in a corporation is like being in middle school. Corporations bring out the worst in people. In an effort to get ahead, some employees take credit for others’ work, sabotage coworkers, and treat their colleagues harshly., while demonstrating different behavior to their bosses. Surviving in corporate America while keeping my own integrity required sacrifice, confidence, and a strong will. 

While working in this environment, I discovered a book that guided me through the morass and has helped me throughout life. The book is called The Four Agreements by Don Miguel Ruiz. He claims that it is based on ancient Toltec wisdom.

In his book, he lists four principles or agreements. The first agreement is Be Impeccable with Your Word. Following this principle means that we speak with integrity, meaning that we don’t lie or gossip. By doing this, we can “own” what we do and become role models for others. 

The second principle is Don’t Take Anything Personally. What others say or do is a projection of their reality, not ours. This is one of the hardest things to understand, because we believe that others think like we do. But praise or criticism is about what the speaker values. Let me give you an example. 

I had a boss who was notorious for berating us during presentations, the larger the audience, the nastier the behavior. One of my colleagues was making a presentation to a large group, and our boss interrupted her repeatedly, heckling her.

Despite our boss’s attempts to intimidate and embarrass her, she remained calm and patiently asked for clarification. This boss brought everyone to tears, myself included. 

After the presentation, I went over to console my colleague. But she didn’t need consoling. She asked me, “Do you think that the other people in the room thought I was stupid or that our boss was mean?”

“Obviously, they thought that our boss was mean.” I responded. “But what about all the criticism,” I continued. “You worked so hard on that presentation; you even took notes when she spewed her vitriol.”

“Of course,” she replied. “Our boss wasn’t pleased, so I needed to change the presentation.”

“But your presentation was good,” I replied.

“I was satisfied with it,” she said.

“But didn’t the criticisms, hurt?” 

“Oh no,” she replied. “Both praise and criticism are about the person giving it. Her criticism or praise for that matter was about what she valued.”

“Let me give you an example,” she continued. “What if someone told you that they love your hair. It doesn’t mean that you have good hair. It means that you have hair that that person values. There is no objective measure of hair…just perceptions. The same goes with criticism. If that person didn’t like your hair, it is because she doesn’t like that kind of hair. It has nothing to do with your hair.”

Praise is wonderful and those who give it are saying “We value the same things.” I believe that praise givers are confident, happy people. To keep our integrity, I recommend praising as often and as much as possible. 

Criticism, however, is hard to take unless we are confident and believe that we did our best.

The third agreement is Don’t Make Assumptions. It goes without saying that all of us make assumptions and create stories frequently. Our assumptions are based on our experiences and not on the other’s experience. For example, what if I waved to someone and they didn’t wave back. The only information that I have is that person didn’t wave back. From there I make assumptions, “that person didn’t see me,” “that person doesn’t like me,” “that person broke her arm.” All of these are stories that we “jumped” to. When an employee would come to me about an issue, the first thing that I asked him was to separate the facts from the story. 

Do your Best. As long as you do your best, you can be immune from criticism. Your best may not be good enough for someone, but it is your best, and you maintain your integrity by doing so. Your best will change, I cannot walk as quickly as I used to, but as long as I do the best that I can, I can feel good about what I have accomplished.

Pretty simple stuff, but extremely powerful.

People often ask me where I get my inspiration for my columns, and while there are many sources, most often it is nature. 

I wander along the St Michaels nature trail several times a day. It offers a quiet place to reflect. But my favorite time is the pre-dawn darkness, in the stillness when I can listen to the hoot of an owl, the trilling of a racoon, and the rhythm of the cicadas.

For those who get refreshed by waterscapes, the Eastern Shore is the place to be. Some love the power and vastness of the pulsing, booming ocean and the sting of salt air on the coast. While others prefer the phalanx of rivers and creeks that softly weave through the forests and lands in the midshore. 

Being in nature is linked to a positive outlook, a greater sense of happiness, and overall improved sense of well-being. Nature encourages us to be present and focus on the sensory details of our surroundings, fostering a sense of grounding. It closes the “worry folder” in our brain.

“Nature’s peace will flow into you as sunshine flows into trees. The winds will blow their own freshness into you…while cares will drop off like autumn leaves.” John Muir

Nature is not just inspirational; it is also healing. Medicine has traditionally relied on the healing power of nature, Hippocrates said “Nature itself is the best physician.” 

Thoreau also instinctively knew about the healing power of nature. “All nature is doing her best each moment to make us well—she exists for no other end. Do not resist her.”

But it took a while for scientists to confirm what our bodies already knew. Nature is a place to go to heal and rebuild. Scientific research has proven that being in nature just 30 minutes a day lowers stress, blood pressure, and heart rate. It also improves the immune system, even reducing the risk of cancer and heart disease. Walking in nature increases our creativity, problem solving ability, memory, and may mitigate some symptoms of early Alzheimer’s.

Environmental psychologists demonstrated that watching nature with a sense of awe brings out the better angels of our nature. We are less entitled, less selfish, more generous, and more empathic when we connect to the natural world.

Nature is especially beneficial for those who are experiencing grief. Being in nature lowers heart rate and blood pressure associated with grief and anxiety. It also lowers cortisol, a key stress hormone, which helps in calming the mind and body. Spending time outdoors, even without vigorous exercise, can help regulate the sleep cycle, which is significantly interrupted by grief. Nature provides a refuge from the immediate emotional turmoil of grief, allowing for a connection to a calmer, quieter world and a greater sense of peace. A walk in nature interrupts the grief cycle by reducing rumination, allowing us to temporarily break the cycles of negative or grief-related thoughts.

Nature also offers symptomatic relief from depression, anxiety, and attention disorders. 

But how does a simple walk among green landscapes, water, and trees change our bodies and our brains? It has been suggested that the air near moving water, forests, and mountains contains high levels of negative ions which may be responsible for body and brain changes. Brain activity changes after exposure to nature.

Scientists have discovered that inhaling aromatic compounds from plants and trees (called phytoncides) increases our body’s production of natural killer (NK) cells, a vital immune system weapon against viruses and nefarious cells.

Science is limited by what it can measure. Humans are limited by our five senses. Nature has no such constraints. History has taught us that what we know is not all that there is. It is logical to believe that there are energies that we cannot measure, spectrums we cannot see, and vibrations we cannot hear. Nature has invisible rhythms that do not need to be measured or dissected, just experienced. 

I believe that Rachel Carson had a deep understanding of nature’s benefits. “There is something infinitely healing in the repeated refrains of nature – the assurance that dawn comes after night, and spring after winter.” 

So, it is easy to be so inspired by nature, not just for me but for so many others.

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Angela Rieck, a Caroline County native, received her PhD in Mathematical Psychology from the University of Maryland and worked as a scientist at Bell Labs, and other high-tech companies in New Jersey before retiring as a corporate executive. Angela and her dogs divide their time between St Michaels and Key West Florida. Her daughter lives and works in New York City.

While I was driving last week, I had to pull over. I saw my first murmuration of autumn. 

Murmurations are the patterns that birds create when they gather en-mass and build fluid, rapidly shifting shapes. They are spectacular coordinated flight patterns of birds moving as one large, shape-shifting cloud. Murmurations consist of hundreds—sometimes thousands—of birds flying together in three-dimensional, ever-morphing patterns. 

I wrote a column about these murmurations last year, but I am so captivated by them that I had to do more research. Scientists and birders are equally fascinated by murmurations. They have documented murmurations lasting as long as 45 minutes.

European starlings and African Queleas are known for murmurations. Other birds fly in flocks and formations, but do not murmurate. Flocks are groups of birds that congregate and fly in patterns, such as the “V” formation of geese, but they do not create the fluid patterns of a murmuration. On the Eastern Shore of Maryland, you can see European starlings, red-winged blackbirds, and common grackles performing some form of murmuration. They tend to gather over open fields of harvested grain and are especially prevalent at dusk.

European starlings are well suited for this spectacle because their lateral eyesight enables them to have almost a 360-degree field of vision. In spring and summer, starlings pair off and raise their young. But when breeding season is over they gather in autumn and begin their murmurations. Incidentally, the European starling is not native to the Americas, but approximately 100 were brought from Europe in the 1890s and released in New York’s Central Park. Now there are over 200 million in North America.

While I watched the murmuration, it appeared as if the birds were gathering into a dense mass and then scattering. They seemed to speed up and then spread wider apart. But these are optical illusions. The birds are, in fact, flying at a steady speed, playing “follow the leader” by copying the behavior of the nearest bird in their group of seven. 

The rules to achieve a murmuration are surprisingly simple. The first is the rule of SEVEN. Murmurating birds follow their seven closest neighbors. 

Here are the rules birds use to create a murmuration.

1. Follow and turn with the seven nearest birds. They play “follow the leader.”
2. Fly toward their group, without crowding.

Why do birds murmurate? Scientists don’t know. Some believe that they do it to confuse predators, a recently disproven hypothesis was that they did it to generate heat, because it is typically done in the fall and winter. Some ornithologists speculate that they might do it just for the joy of moving together. I have seen animals, such as squirrels, play. There is no reason not to believe that birds create their performance art for the fun of it.

So, we aren’t sure why they do it, but their synchronicity is magnificent, their dotted patterns unpredictable. It looks like fun. So, maybe they are doing it just for the sheer joy of creating performance art. 

I don’t know how we could find out, but it doesn’t matter to me…I just love their art.

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Angela Rieck, a Caroline County native, received her PhD in Mathematical Psychology from the University of Maryland and worked as a scientist at Bell Labs, and other high-tech companies in New Jersey before retiring as a corporate executive. Angela and her dogs divide their time between St Michaels and Key West Florida. Her daughter lives and works in New York City.

When I first started working at Bell Labs in the 80’s it was all about service. When it snowed the front-line employees in the Bell Telephone companies would get in their car, kiss their spouse and children goodbye and drive to the office. The goal was to keep the phones working. Service to their customers was their priority.

But in the early 80’s the company cared for their employees and their employees cared for the company. A company was a lifetime commitment on both sides. That has dramatically changed with layoffs and employment-at-will contracts. Employees no longer owe their companies their loyalty, since the company favors profits over loyalty.

Things have changed a lot since the 1980s, now technical support means talking to someone who makes me do the same steps that I did before calling them. They do not understand that my calling them is a last resort, not a first choice.

Most call centers are overseas, and while they do their best, sometimes the accents are difficult to understand.

Customer service seems worse now because companies are prioritizing cost-cutting and profit over service. The increase in ineffective automated systems like chatbots, and a lack of incentives for companies whose focus is on profits also contributes to frustration. This creates a disconnect where companies believe they provide good service, but customers consistently experience long wait times; difficulty reaching a human; repetitive, unhelpful automated systems; or companies demonstrating a lack of accountability. It seems like the goal for customer service is to get us to give up.

Which brings me to my most recent service story. I purchased a new Toyota Prius four months ago. The design has changed from the old reliable Prius and made into a sportier model. With that came thin tires that cannot handle rural roads. I have already had to replace three tires. I have never had a flat tire since moving here 10 years ago. According to the Internet, the tires on this model of the Toyota 2025 Prius are a known issue. My tires have popped driving on a rural road and gotten a ding from a 1 ½ mile cut-stone driveway. Since there is no spare tire, I have had to have my car towed. Obviously a widow such as myself cannot keep this car in this area, but the dealership (Koons Toyota of Easton) has basically said “too bad for you.” They require that I pay for each new tire and by now I have spent over a thousand dollars with no end in sight to the relentless beat of towing and new tires. They made it clear that I have no recourse, they will not take the car back, give me a good deal on a different make of car, or cover the tires under warranty; because the “Lemon Law” does not apply to tires or rims.

It’s true that I am stuck with this poor customer service. 

But I can write.

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Angela Rieck, a Caroline County native, received her PhD in Mathematical Psychology from the University of Maryland and worked as a scientist at Bell Labs, and other high-tech companies in New Jersey before retiring as a corporate executive. Angela and her dogs divide their time between St Michaels and Key West Florida. Her daughter lives and works in New York City.

I finally succumbed to learning Mahjong. A number of people had asked me to join in Mahjong games and I was recalcitrant. I remember the senior women in my husband’s country club playing Mahjong and I vowed I would never be that person.

I am that person.

My neighbor invited everyone in the neighborhood to join a game where we would all learn and share our lives as part of the game. I relented, because it was just for fun and not a competitive game. 

I was nervous that it would be hard to learn. It wasn’t. But I am still learning all of the rules.

I have become almost addicted to the game.

I am not alone. While there are no statistics about how many players there are, it is obvious that the number of players in the game is growing. And it is growing among the young. Approximately 50% of those who play are over 60, but 2024 statistics from an online Mahjong application reported that the 18–24 age group had the second highest percentage of players followed by 25–34. These numbers are only for online play and do not reflect the broader mahjong community. In major US cities there are Mahjong cafes and pop-up events. Mahjong is trending on Tik Tok and Instagram.

Mahjong was invented in the 1880s by field workers in China. Apparently sparrows were a pest that made a lot of noise in the trees. The game was invented to be a positive energy to that negative. Therefore, the sparrow features prominently in the game, Mahjong is sparrow in Chinese. There’s a bamboo tile representing the number 1 and the noise of the tiles is supposed to simulate the chatter of the sparrows.  

More than 40 variations are played around the world, although the core tiles and the way the tiles are stacked remain the same. Each of the players will draw 13 tiles. In American Mahjong there are a total of 166 tiles. It includes three suits–-Bamboo (Bams), Characters (Craks) and Dots, as well as Winds, Dragons, Jokers, and Flowers. While tiles may vary from set to set, almost all pay tribute to Chinese culture. 

In the American version we use a card issued by the National Mah Jongg League. The card is a condensed list of over 50 possible winning “hands.” The player begins with 13 tiles and picks up and discards tiles in turn to create a “hand” that exactly matches a winning “hand” specified on the card. A winning “hand” will typically include a combination of tiles—Suits, Dragons, Winds, Flowers and, if you are lucky, Jokers. Jokers serve as wild “cards.” There are many rules governing picking up tiles and using jokers. My group is still learning all of them.

Each year, the National Mahjongg League releases a new version with different combinations to keep the game fresh and to keep us on our toes. The proceeds from the card go to charity.

Mahjong is not just fun to play, it fosters community and provides a way for people to connect away from phones and computer screens. The game’s strategic nature helps boost mental skills, and it is associated with improved memory and slowed cognitive decline. That is an added bonus for seniors and young adults alike. 

So if you pass by a community center and hear clicking and clacking, don’t be alarmed, it is just a group of people playing Mahjong.

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Angela Rieck, a Caroline County native, received her PhD in Mathematical Psychology from the University of Maryland and worked as a scientist at Bell Labs, and other high-tech com

There is a new pest to watch out for. Lone star ticks are taking advantage of our rising temperatures and moving northward. They are reproducing rapidly and have been found as far north as Maine. An entomologist and disease specialist at Cornell University believes that due to their adaptability and the rising temperatures, there are no limits to the spread of these ticks. Growing numbers of deer and rabbits, which host these and other ticks, are also putting us at risk. Yes, those cute little bunnies could be carrying these ticks and depositing them on our lawns. Unfortunately, these ticks are native to the US and there is not much to stop them.

Experts are warning that lone star ticks could infect millions of people with a disease called alpha-gal syndrome. Cases of alpha-gal syndrome have risen dramatically as these ticks have spread. Alpha-gal syndrome has grown from just a few dozen cases in 2009 to as many as 450,000 today. The exact number of alpha-gal cases is unclear due to poor data collection and undercounting. Experts expect this allergy to grow as lone star ticks proliferate. They predict that alpha-gal could end up affecting millions of people.

If you have a dog and use three-month tick protection, be aware that the protection only lasts for two months for lone star ticks.

Like all ticks, lone star ticks are gross. But these are especially heinous because they can trigger alpha-gal syndrome, a bizarre allergy to red meat and dairy.  

I was at a dinner with a friend who was infected with alpha-gal syndrome from a lone star tick. She discovered this little guy last year and had no idea the trauma that he would bring. Within several hours of eating red meat, dairy or a by-product, she breaks out in a blotchy skin-like-hives that are excruciatingly painful. Alpha-gal syndrome also increases the risk of heart attacks. Eventually many sufferers experience anaphylactic shock while consuming red meat, dairy, or a by-product.

It is not as simple as avoiding red meat and dairy, she explained that by-products are everywhere. For example, she can no longer take capsules as the capsule itself is made from a by-product.

Alpha-gal is a confounding condition because it doesn’t cause an immediate allergic reaction. Symptoms often appear hours after consumption. The syndrome is not caused by a pathogen introduced by the tick, but the tick’s bite creates an allergy to a sugar molecule found in red meat and dairy. Researchers think the condition could lessen over time, but it gets worse if there are additional tick bites.

Since it is relatively new and confusing syndrome, medical professionals may be unaware of the condition and may be unable to diagnose it properly. In the case of my friend, she was diagnosed by an allergist directly out of medical school, who recognized the symptoms and tested for alpha-gal syndrome. 

My friend asked me to spread the warning. If you are experiencing these symptoms, be aware and report this to your medical professional. This syndrome is growing rapidly, yet still relatively rare in our area, and medical professionals may prescribe doxycycline believing it to be Lyme disease.

Lone star ticks are aggressive bugs that actually follow human and animal targets if they detect them. In other words, they will hunt you down. There is also the prospect of brushing up against vegetation containing a massed ball of juvenile lone star ticks, known as a “tick bomb”, that can deliver thousands of tick bites. They are too tiny to be seen.

It is not known why the bite of lone star ticks suddenly started causing these allergic reactions. Cases have been found in Europe and Australia, although in low numbers. It is predicted that other tick species including deer ticks might also spread alpha-gal syndrome.

There is no cure for this condition at this time. The current treatment is antihistamines. Sufferers must refrain from red meat and dairy, take antihistamines daily and carry EpiPens in case they go into anaphylactic shock. 

Let’s face it, ticks are not our friends (or friends of our animals). They spread Lyme disease, alpha-gal syndrome and other rare but dangerous diseases. So be careful out there!

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Angela Rieck, a Caroline County native, received her PhD in Mathematical Psychology from the University of Maryland and worked as a scientist at Bell Labs, and other high-tech companies in New Jersey before retiring as a corporate executive. Angela and her dogs divide their time between St Michaels and Key West Florida. Her daughter lives and works in New York City.

Scientists have recently reported on the results of a universal cancer vaccine that boosts the immune system to fight tumors and to enhance existing cancer therapies. This vaccine is designed to work across multiple types cancers.

The vaccine targeted solid tumors, which are more resistant to immunotherapy than blood cancers. This could become a universal paradigm that can be used to treat cancer and stop treated cancers from coming back.

This cancer vaccine could be especially useful for types of cancer that usually don’t trigger a strong immune response, including, pancreatic, ovarian, and some types of breast cancer. These tumors hide from the immune system making it difficult to use immunotherapy, so it’s possible that this type of vaccine could help expose these cancers to attack.

Similar to vaccines for the flu and COVID-19, cancer vaccines are designed to help the immune system by training it to recognize proteins and allow the immune system to attack. While conventional vaccines aim to prevent disease (including two cancer vaccines for HPV and Hepatitis B), cancer vaccines are being developed to remove existing cancer tumors and prevent treated cancers from returning.

Conventional vaccines and cancer vaccines typically use the same mechanism. The cancer vaccines teach immune cells to identify unique features of cancer cells and destroy them. 

The experimental vaccine was developed using messenger RNA (mRNA), which also was used for the first COVID-19 vaccines. In this early-stage cancer vaccine, the mRNA carries instructions that raises the body’s first-line immune defenses. In particular, the vaccine aims to boost the body’s production of immune messengers that spot cancerous tumors. The signals rally the immune system to attack the tumors and stop the cancer’s growth. This signaling is key to destroying tumors at the early stage of development.

The vaccine has been tested on several cancers in mice, including melanoma, brain, bone and lung cancers and the results were promising.

While human research is needed to confirm how well this approach works, the encouraging results in mice offer interesting possibilities. Future studies will address key questions around safety, consistency, and long-term effectiveness in real-world cancer patients.

That is the exciting news…however.

Recently the U.S. federal government has moved to cut hundreds of millions of dollars in funding for mRNA vaccine development. Led by Robert Kennedy, Jr, the misinformed head of the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), it is slashing its investment in mRNA vaccines impacting 22 projects totaling nearly $500 million.

To date, influenza, RSV, bird flu, CMV (a herpes virus that can cause serious developmental problems in infants), Zika, Epstein-Barr virus, and hepatitis B vaccines have been targeted. 

Robert F. Kennedy Jr is the founder of the anti-vaccine group the Children’s Health Defense. Despite a plethora of research stating otherwise, he claimed that mRNA vaccines “fail to protect effectively against upper respiratory infections” and said that the HHS will shift to funding “safer, broader vaccine platforms.” These alternatives were defined as whole-virus vaccines and unspecified technologies. Despite research showing that these are less efficient, slower, and less effective.

The arguments made by RFK Jr are not based on scientific research and correspondingly, most of his statements are false. 

Not continuing to investigate the usage of a technology that has proven itself in the COVID 19 pandemic puts Americans in harm’s way for bird flu and another pandemic.

Before mRNA technology, traditional vaccines typically took between three to five years to develop and even longer to test, with mRNA it takes months. Other countries, such as China, recognize the power of mRNA vaccines and medicines and are doubling down on their investment. If there is a pandemic, such as avian flu we’re going to be caught asking China for its vaccines. Scientists now consider the United States to be an unfriendly place for mRNA-based technology.

For now, this cancellation of funds will not impact uses of mRNA technology in cancer vaccines. Even though the cancellation was specific to infectious disease, it really discouraging to the entire industry.”

Besides cancer research, mRNA technology is also being used with CRISPR. CRISPR is a gene editing tool that has significant promise for curing genetic disorders. The limitation of CRISPR gene editing is being able to stop it. mRNA makes gene editing possible because it enables the insertion of the corrected genome and it stops it from over-replicating. CRISPR has been used (experimentally) with cancer, diabetes and sickle cell anemia. The CRISPR technology was introduced via mRNA. mRNA is safe because the body makes and then clears the mRNA as part of its normal process. 

By undermining mRNA-based work, HHS is potentially limiting the ability to use a personalized medicine approach of gene editing that could save millions of lives every year.

With the cuts in mRNA funding, there are now other countries that are recruiting American companies and scientists. In addition to moving their brick-and-mortar operations overseas, these American companies will start developing drugs for other countries. This will impact America’s leadership in biomedical discovery.

Why is there this resistance to mRNA? In a word, its complexity.

Some Americans don’t understand that mRNA is a natural substance, a natural part of our body. Every cell in our body has mRNA — thousands of copies of mRNA. With mRNA-based medicines, we’re actually taking advantage of a natural system that exists within our body and using our body to help itself. 

Let’s hope that our country can survive four years or more of this type of scientific ignorance.

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Angela Rieck, a Caroline County native, received her PhD in Mathematical Psychology from the University of Maryland and worked as a scientist at Bell Labs, and other high-tech companies in New Jersey before retiring as a corporate executive. Angela and her dogs divide their time between St Michaels and Key West Florida. Her daughter lives and works in New York City.

I was watching the documentary about Billy Joel and he mentioned that he decided to stop writing songs at 44 years old. The documentary was fun to watch, as I got to listen to his music, but it got me to thinking about the issue of creativity and age.

Does creativity necessarily decline with age? The answer is a complex yes and no.

Songwriters report losing their creativity as they age. Billy Joel was most prolific in his 20s and 30s. Bob Dylan famously wrote Blowing in the Wind on the back of a napkin. Dylan claims that he can no longer write songs at the level that he used to write them. Another musical artist who reported a decline in his songwriting abilities was Bruce Springsteen. Most rock and pop musicians do not continue to write songs after their 30s or 40s.

When I was at Bell Laboratories, I worked with a number of particle physicists who informed me that this phenomenon of creativity declining with age was prominent with major physics breakthroughs. Albert Einstein was 26 when he developed the Theory of Relativity. And while he continued to work, he was never able to successfully find a solution to the Theory of Everything.

Several artists were also most creative in their younger years. Picasso invented Cubism when he was 26 years old.

Yet, many artists and musicians continued to innovate as they aged. Beethoven wrote his Ninth Symphony when he was 53 years old (and deaf). Handel wrote The Messiah when he was 56 years old. Mozart was especially productive at the end of his life (but he died at 35). 

The relationship between age and creativity depends on many factors, one of them is the field of study. Some creative domains—such as songwriting, physics, science, and mathematics tend to have early peaks and relatively rapid declines, whereas other fields that require extensive knowledge and skill such as medicine, history, some art, humanities, and philosophers—show later gradual peaks of creativity. 

Thirty-one Nobel Prize Winners in the field of economics were evaluated as to when they made their most significant contributions to the field. There were two peak cycles of creativity, one very early in their careers and another later in their life. The difference between those who experienced a peak in creativity during their mid-twenties and those who peaked in their mid-50s, was the type of creativity.

People who were conceptual innovators—those who think “out of the box,” challenge conventional wisdom, and create paradigm shifts were most creative at an earlier age. The second group built on their knowledge and discovered new and innovative methods within existing frameworks. They worked through trial and error at a more gradual pace.

Examples of young, conceptual innovators include Picasso, T.S. Eliot, Melville, and Einstein. Examples of innovators who produced their best work later in life include Cezanne, Matisse, Robert Frost, Virginia Woolf, and Darwin.

Career age is more important than chronological age. Some late bloomers do not truly hit their stride until their 60s or 70s (think of Georgia O’Keefe). They sometimes had uninspiring jobs for decades before discovering their true passion.

There are several reasons for the decline in creativity with age. Abstract reasoning may be affected by brain changes associated with aging. Speed of processing and working memory decline with age.

But one of the most important reasons for creativity decline is becoming more accepting of and steeped in the norms and a desire to work within them. When young, it is easy to dismiss the work of others, but as we age and become familiar with the work, we are more appreciative of the thought and effort that went into it.

Another reason for creativity decline may be a decrease in motivation, sometimes believing that we have accomplished what we wanted to accomplish, lessened ambition, or a feeling that a “prime time” for creativity has passed. Billy Joel cited that the tiresome nature of rhyming, his process (which required him to work alone), and that he had said all he wanted to say—had contributed to his desire to give up pop songwriting. (He did explore other genres and wrote an album of classical music.)

There are instances where creativity increases with age. Older adults have a wealth of knowledge and experience that can be valuable for creative problem-solving. This is especially true when applying knowledge from one field to another. 

Our brain continues to form new neural connections throughout life. Thus, there are ways to improve and maintain creativity as we age. One way is to allow our minds to wander and wonder. Creative breakthroughs often occur when the mind is not actively focused on a specific task.

Other sources of creativity are interacting with others, learning new disciplines, and engaging in new experiences. The good news is that creativity is not a static ability that inevitably declines with age. It’s a complex process that can be maintained and even enhanced if we are willing to exercise it.

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Angela Rieck, a Caroline County native, received her PhD in Mathematical Psychology from the University of Maryland and worked as a scientist at Bell Labs, and other high-tech companies in New Jersey before retiring as a corporate executive. Angela and her dogs divide their time between St Michaels and Key West Florida. Her daughter lives and works in New York City.