In Conversation with Author Kimberly Heckler
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Nonpartisan and Education-based News for Chestertown
The Spy Newspapers may periodically employ the assistance of artificial intelligence (AI) to enhance the clarity and accuracy of our content.
The Spy Newspapers may periodically employ the assistance of artificial intelligence (AI) to enhance the clarity and accuracy of our content.
There is news in every direction these days, but I still follow the press conferences by the National Traffic Safety Board (NTSB) concerning the midair collision over the Potomac River one week ago.
As I shared with my first post on this topic, I try to avoid speculation about aircraft accidents until all the facts are known. Having flown for 50 years, I know there are always a number of factors that go into any accident.
Yesterday, the NTSB shared important information, and I do think they are narrowing the focus in a search to determine what happened.
It seems clear that the commercial regional jet accepted a change in their approach to land on runway 33 at Reagan National and was carrying out that maneuver when the collision occurred. It is also clear that since the collision occurred at about 300 feet, the Black Hawk military helicopter was above an altitude restriction of 200 feet. Flight tracking also suggests the helicopter diverted from the standard flight path.
The question remains: why?
Here are the areas of inquiry that most interest me.
The tower controller:
The Black Hawk Pilot:
The Helicopter’s Altimeter
About “pilot/controller speak:”
One of the important aspects of our air traffic management system is the language used by controllers and pilots is carefully constructed and common across the entire system.
In over 5,000 hours of flying, I have many times been instructed by a controller to “maintain visual separation” from another aircraft. This instruction is issued when a pilot sees the other aircraft and it specifically requires the pilot to “maneuver” in a manner to avoid the other aircraft.
Now, I did not fly helicopters, but in all of my flying I never requested a “visual separation clearance.” Interestingly, the tower controller “granted” the request, instructing the helicopter to pass behind the traffic.
At that moment, the collision was seconds away.
Hopefully the cockpit voice recorders will reveal exactly what the helicopter pilots elected to do with their “clearance.” The flight records suggest they turned slightly right and climbed above 200 feet. The question remains, why? Did they believe the 200 foot restriction was lifted? Did the altimeter show an altitude of 200 feet when it was actually 300 feet? Did they turn to stay behind an aircraft other than the one that the controller cautioned them about?
While the focused has narrowed, the questions remain. However, it seems we are getting closer to learning why.
Craig Fuller served four years in the White House as assistant to President Reagan for Cabinet Affairs, followed by four years as chief of staff to Vice President George H.W. Bush. Having been engaged in five presidential campaigns and running public affairs firms and associations in Washington, D.C., he now resides on the Eastern Shore and publishes DECADE SEVEN on Substack.
The Spy Newspapers may periodically employ the assistance of artificial intelligence (AI) to enhance the clarity and accuracy of our content.
I have flown airplanes since the age of 17, logging over 5,000 hours of flight as the pilot in command of aircraft from two-seat fabric-covered airplanes to business jet aircraft. Hence, when something happens like the tragedy experienced over the Potomac River – something extraordinarily rare – people ask, “what happened?”
Like all pilots, I have an aversion to speculation because there is much to be learned and the early speculation is often shown to be in error.
That said, there are a number of known factors. I am certain that our air traffic system is the safest in the world. It was yesterday, and it is today. One of the reasons is that the aviation community looks into every incident to learn from it as a means of correcting any circumstances that can prevent future accidents.
So, here are some of the known factors:
Weather
It was a clear night in Washington, D.C. Ironically, that is a significant factor. Had there been low overcast, the training mission for the helicopter would likely not have been conducted. Also, the commercial jet was established on a long approach to a long runway at Reagan National and the controllers asked the pilots to shift to a shorter runway. In clear weather with visual conditions, that is not unusual, but it increases the workload on the pilots as they are on a short approach to the landing. Lastly, on a clear night, near the ground the bright lights can make spotting other aircraft challenging.
Flight Paths
It is being stated by officials that both aircraft were on standard flight paths. If this proves correct, it means the pilots were not in error navigating their respective aircraft.
Through flight tracking and listening to air traffic controllers, it is evident that there were numerous arrivals and departures being conducted at Reagan National. It is also the case that the commuter aircraft flew a standard pattern and was on final approach to the longest runway at the airport. The controllers, likely working to manage air traffic flow, asked the commercial pilot if he could accept the shorter Runway (known as 33). The pilot accepted the request. There is no error in doing this, but it means that near the ground, the two pilots in the cockpit would be reconfiguring their systems for a new approach to landing. Under any approach to landing, it is busy in the cockpit with attention focused on making judgements associated with the landing.
There is equipment onboard to warn of other aircraft in the area; however, near the ground with multiple aircraft in the air and busy with adjusting to the new runway, pilots may well not have seen a risk with indicators of traffic near them.
Communication with the Helicopter
Reports indicate that there were three people onboard the military helicopter. It is also reported to have been flying around 300 feet above the ground. Again, on a clear night in busy airspace, it is challenging to monitor air traffic.
Then came a warning from air traffic control to the helicopter pilot that there was a commercial jet ahead of them on approach to landing. The helicopter pilot replied that the aircraft was in sight and they would maintain visual separation.
One reality, since the beginning of flight with more than one aircraft in the air, is that pilots do not hit what they can see. It is not known yet, but I suspect the helicopter pilot identified an aircraft other than the one the air traffic controller was warning him about. Indeed it was only seconds later that the collision occurred.
Like virtually all tragedies involving aircraft, there is not just one reason for the incident. It is also true that if just one factor was removed from the events that transpired (e.g. the runway change did not occur; or, the volume of traffic was less), perhaps there would have been no collision.
It should be said that there has been consistent pressure on Reagan National to accept more flights into and out of the airport. Ironically, one Member of Congress stated last night that he had lobbied to get American to fly the route from Wichita in to Washington.
So, there remains much to be studied in the days and weeks ahead. Clearly, there was a failure resulting in tragic consequences. What we must do is rely upon the facts and learn from them how to reduce the risk of accidents on clear nights in busy airspace.
Craig Fuller served four years in the White House as assistant to President Reagan for Cabinet Affairs, followed by four years as chief of staff to Vice President George H.W. Bush. Having been engaged in five presidential campaigns and running public affairs firms and associations in Washington, D.C., he now resides on the Eastern Shore and publishes DECADE SEVEN on Substack.u
The Spy Newspapers may periodically employ the assistance of artificial intelligence (AI) to enhance the clarity and accuracy of our content.
Classic Motor Museum board member Mike Iandolo joined in a conversation with the Spy’s Craig Fuller at the end of last week, soon after closing on acquiring new property in St. Michaels for the Museum.
Mike Iandolo talks about the journey they have been on during this first phase of a project to renovate and restore the property leading into the Town of St. Michaels to its earlier appearance as a 1950s-style service station.
When completed, the new facility will provide service bays as a hands-on classroom for the Museum’s automotive apprenticeship program. Further renovation will provide exhibition and storage space.
This video is approximately ten minutes in length. More about the work of the Museum and a look at some of the vehicles now on exhibit can be found on their website: classicmotormuseum.org
The Spy Newspapers may periodically employ the assistance of artificial intelligence (AI) to enhance the clarity and accuracy of our content.
These two leading paragraphs in a WALL STREET JOURNAL story in the past few days got my attention:
The U.S. surgeon general said alcoholic beverages should carry cancer warnings to increase awareness that the drinks are a leading cause of preventable cancers.
“Alcohol is a well-established, preventable cause of cancer responsible for about 100,000 cases of cancer and 20,000 cancer deaths annually in the United States,” Dr. Vivek Murthy said in his advisory issued Friday. “Yet the majority of Americans are unaware of this risk.”
Really, I thought?
Later, as five friends gathered for lunch, one who does not drink said, “…I hope you guys who drink saw the story about alcohol causing cancer.”
Is this for real, I thought?
There are a few things I know: any cancer diagnosis gets 100% of an individual’s and their family’s attention. Rightfully so!
Also, if a person wishes to reduce the risk of experiencing a health issue, I am all for it.
That said, I also know that health professionals in government often see as their mission the modification of behaviors through labeling and regulation. And, if you can assert a link to cancer, regulatory action most likely will follow. Usually following news coverage and a book deal!
I should say that I do consume alcohol in moderation and have done so for a significant majority of my seven-plus decades on the planet. Thus, I decided to read the report issued by the Surgeon General, a report released in the last month of the current administration.
There are several questions that come to mind to put all of this in perspective:
Q. How many people in the U.S. consume alcohol?
A. The Surgeon General says 72% consume one or more drinks per week.
Q. How many people die in the U.S. each year?
A. About 3.4 million.
Q. How many die from cancer?
A. About 611,000.
Q. How many people does the Surgeon General believe die each year as a result of the relationship between alcohol and cancer?
A. He says it’s about 20,000. (Not sure how he calculated this, but 20,000 a year would be 0.6% of total deaths from all causes and 3.2% of cancer related deaths.)
Q. How many does the Surgeon General think receive a cancer diagnosis related to alcohol consumption?
A. From the report: In 2019, an estimated 96,730 cancer cases were related to alcohol consumption including 42,400 in men and 54,330 in women.
The report discusses the risk of having cancer, but it does not share some of the positive news around the treatment of cancer. For example, this comes from the American Cancer Society:
The American Cancer Society estimates that as of 2025, there are about 18 million cancer survivors in the U.S. This includes individuals who have been diagnosed with cancer at any point in their lives. With a U.S. population of around 334 million, this translates to roughly 5.4%.
And, the Surgeon General’s report focuses on breast cancer in women, stating:
The largest burden of alcohol-related cancer in the U.S. is for breast cancer in women with an estimated 44,180 cases in 2019, representing 16.4% of the approximately 270,000 total breast cancer cases for women.
However, it does not share this statistic:
In the U.S., the 5-year relative survival rate for breast cancer is around 90%, according to the American Cancer Society.
One wonders just how the Surgeon General came to understand the risk relationship between alcohol and cancer. Well, the report explains that:
Determining whether there is a causal relationship between a risk factor—a behavior, exposure, or characteristic—and a health outcome such as cancer is done through comprehensive assessments of scientific evidence and the application of well‑established scientific criteria, such as the Bradford Hill criteria.
So, I wondered, who is Bradford Hill?
Well, he was born in 1897. In 1965 he established a set of principles.
The Bradford Hill Criteria are a set of principles established by Sir Austin Bradford Hill in 1965 to assess causal relationships between a potential risk factor and an observed effect, such as cancer.
In so many words, what Sir Austin laid out is a protocol for studying studies. An approach called epidemiology, it suggests, among other things, that if enough studies (the Surgeon General used 22) come to a similar conclusion, there must be a risk relationship. (OK, maybe that is oversimplified.)
Here’s the conundrum.
If a person who drinks is diagnosed with some form of cancer, can anyone really determine if the cause of the cancer diagnosis for that individual was their drinking?
Here is a finding from the University of Missouri:
Alcohol and nicotine use have long been known to go hand in hand. Previous research shows that more than 85 percent of US adults who are alcohol-dependent also are nicotine-dependent.
So, the Surgeon General indicates that the greatest cause of cancer today is tobacco use. By the way, the second is obesity. Which begs the question, if study after study in the 22 selected by the Surgeon General compare the incidence of a cancer diagnosis between people who drink a little, a lot, or none at all, what about these other issues and behaviors in the life of one who drinks, say “smoking” for example?
To end where we began, is there really a strong case that warning labels should be placed on every bottle of wine, beer and spirits because, after using a protocol developed in 1965 and reviewing 22 studies, the Surgeon General finds a “…body of scientific evidence demonstrates a causal relationship between alcohol use and increased risk for at least seven different types of cancer?”
I doubt that very many people really believe today that alcohol provides health benefits (although, there are some studies suggesting that), but I do think if you are going to scare the 72% of our citizens who consume some amount of alcohol each week, then you might point out that what you are concerned about is the possibility of an increased cancer risk for a fraction of the roughly 5% or so of Americans who are alive today who have or have had cancer or might have a cancer diagnosis in the future.
I am the first to suggest that bad decisions and risky behaviors should be avoided. They cause harm and heartbreak. I’m just not sure I am fully sold on this 11th hour announcement from the Surgeon General where the headlines seem way out ahead of what is actually contained in the report.
But, everyone should make their own decision on this one.
Craig Fuller served four years in the White House as assistant to President Reagan for Cabinet Affairs, followed by four years as chief of staff to Vice President George H.W. Bush. Having been engaged in five presidential campaigns and running public affairs firms and associations in Washington, D.C., he now resides on the Eastern Shore and publishes DECADE SEVEN on Substack.
The Spy Newspapers may periodically employ the assistance of artificial intelligence (AI) to enhance the clarity and accuracy of our content.
A new market opened in a place known for commercial activity in Easton for a century. Their theme, “Shop small / shop local,” is gaining attention among shoppers and makers of handcrafted products across the Eastern Shore and beyond. And, with the holidays approaching, there couldn’t be a better time to explore the many offerings.
Recently, Craig Fuller dropped by to talk with Sevan Topjian, a local resident and developer of Dover Station LLC. Sevan explained the vision he and his wife Keri are bringing to the three large structures at 500 Dover Road in Easton.
The Market at Dover Station is in a revitalized historic building. Many makers and artisans have already found the location provides a wonderful opportunity to display and sell what they create. There is already a great sense of collaboration among the artists. And, as Sevan explains, the systems in place takes care of recording inventory and transactions, allowing those who make the products to keep creating while leaving the retail side to the team at the Market.
Spend a few minutes enjoying the conversation and tour the Spy took with Sevan and meeting some of the people involved in creating an innovative new environment that will eventually include a Café Bistro and a brewery.
This video is approximately seven minutes in length. For more information about the Dover Station please go here.
The Spy Newspapers may periodically employ the assistance of artificial intelligence (AI) to enhance the clarity and accuracy of our content.
After a distinguished career in finance, David North made the easy decision to return to his passion for cars as part of a second professional life. Starting in high school to help his father restore and maintain a growing automobile collection, David’s love of industrial design and unique craftsmanship led him to open his Easton shop, the go-to restoration center for some of the rarest cars in the United States.
While David has the highest respect for several classic brands like Aston-Martin, Duesenberg, or MG, he’s the first to admit he has a special place in his heart for the work of the Bugatti family and the art they created with their automobiles.
In our continued Conservations with Craig Fuller series, Craig stops by David’s workshop to understand more about the legacy of the Bugattis as thousands make plans to visit the Academy Art Museum’s exhibition Bugatti: Reaching for Perfection, which opens early next month. In their chat, David makes a compelling case for how design, craftsmanship, and art can all come together in the form of an automobile.
This video is approximately seven minutes in length. For information about the Academy Art Museum and the Bugatti exhibition, please go here.
The Spy Newspapers may periodically employ the assistance of artificial intelligence (AI) to enhance the clarity and accuracy of our content.
by Craig Fuller
The Spy Newspapers may periodically employ the assistance of artificial intelligence (AI) to enhance the clarity and accuracy of our content.
by Craig Fuller
After anticipation of President Biden’s withdrawal stretching for weeks, the fact of it occurring less than 24 hours ago feels stunning. However, the stunning part may be how fast events are moving to anoint and fund Vice President Kamala Harris.
President Biden had a choice and he wasted no time with an immediate endorsement of Vice President Harris, claiming his selection of her to be Vice President was the best decision he’d made.
Just as importantly, the Biden campaign followed up yesterday evening by transferring the nearly $96 million in the Biden campaign to Vice President Harris. And, that was topped off by what is reportedly the largest one day fundraising record of this election cycle as the Harris campaign raised $46.7 million. Larger amounts are being pledged by the Super PAC funders and one report indicated that President Biden would hit the road to raise money where he will be welcomed as a hero during every event at which he appears.
The “hill” for any other Democrat thinking of running just became very, very steep!
Ironically, while many hoped President Biden’s decision would have come sooner, the urgency of getting everything sorted immediately may prove very helpful. Very little time is left, even if the process remains “open,” for anyone to emerge as a viable Democratic candidate as long as Vice President Harris steps forward effectively.
And, a word about her.
Regardless of how one views her politics, the discipline shown throughout the entire term, but especially over the past few weeks, to let events play themselves out while remaining loyal to the President is impressive.
Having had a front-row seat with Vice President Bush, I can only say that the role of Vice President for someone who has campaigned successfully for elected office in the past and finds themselves playing a supporting role to the President is extremely difficult.
By no means is this campaign close to being over, but it is rapidly being reset in a way that makes the contest much more competitive.
Craig Fuller served four years in the White House as assistant to President Reagan for Cabinet Affairs, followed by four years as chief of staff to Vice President George H.W. Bush. Having been engaged in five presidential campaigns and running public affairs firms and associations in Washington, D.C., he now resides on the Eastern Shore and publishes DECADE SEVEN on Substack.
The Spy Newspapers may periodically employ the assistance of artificial intelligence (AI) to enhance the clarity and accuracy of our content.